The United States has a long history of protecting and preserving freedom
of the press. As early as 1789 Madison's version of the speech and press
clauses, introduced in the House of Representatives on June 8, 1789,
provided: ''The people shall not be deprived or abridged of their right to
speak, to write, or to publish their sentiments; and the freedom of the
press, as one of the great bulwarks of liberty, shall be inviolable."
In the last 40 years the United States emerged as a worldwide leader
insuring uninhibited public debate on governmental matters. This
principal was permanently weaved in the social fabric of America Society
in 1964 when a unanimous Supreme Court stated in New York Times Co. v.
Sullivan, 376 U.S. 254, 270 (1964): ''we consider this case against the
background of a profound national commitment to the principle that debate
on public issues should be uninhibited, robust, and wide-open, and that it
may well include vehement, caustic and sometimes unpleasantly sharp
attacks on government and public officials.''
This policy is now in trouble. Specifically, the U.S. Department of State